People > Pontic Greeks

Pontic Greeks

Background

The Pontic Greeks are an ethnic Greek group that traditionally inhabited the region of Pontus on the southern coast of the Black Sea, in what is now northeastern Turkey. This region has a rich history of Greek presence dating back to ancient times, particularly from the period of Greek colonization in the 8th century BCE. Here is a description of the major Pontic Greek figures and notable people throughout history:

Major Pontic Greek Figures

1. Diogenes of Sinope (c. 412-323 BCE)

   • Philosopher: Diogenes was one of the most famous philosophers from Pontus, specifically from Sinope. He was a prominent figure in the Cynic school of philosophy, advocating for a life of virtue in accordance with nature, simplicity, and rejection of societal conventions.

2. Strabo (c. 64 BCE – 24 CE)

   • Geographer and Historian: Strabo was born in Amasia, Pontus. He is renowned for his work "Geographica," a comprehensive encyclopedia of geographical knowledge that provides valuable insights into the ancient world.

3. Pharnaces II of Pontus (died 47 BCE)

   • King: Pharnaces II was a son of King Mithridates VI of Pontus. He is known for his attempt to reclaim his father's kingdom after the Roman defeat of Mithridates. His reign was marked by his confrontation with Julius Caesar, culminating in the Battle of Zela where he was defeated.

4. Mithridates VI Eupator (120-63 BCE)

   • King: Mithridates VI, also known as Mithridates the Great, was one of the most significant rulers of the Kingdom of Pontus. He expanded his kingdom substantially and is well-known for his resistance against Roman domination during the Mithridatic Wars.

5. St. George of Amastris (died 802)

   • Bishop and Saint: St. George was a bishop in Amastris (modern-day Amasra) and is venerated as a saint in both the Eastern Orthodox and Catholic churches. He is known for his piety and miracles attributed to him.

6. Basilios Bessarion (1403–1472)

   • Cardinal and Scholar: Bessarion was a Greek scholar from Trebizond who became a cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church. He played a key role in the intellectual life of the Renaissance, promoting the study of Greek literature in the West.

7. Alexios II of Trebizond (1282–1330)

   • Emperor: Alexios II was an emperor of the Empire of Trebizond, a successor state of the Byzantine Empire. His reign is noted for the cultural and economic prosperity of Trebizond, despite the political challenges of the period.

8. Theodore Gabras (late 11th century)

   • Military Leader and Provincial Governor: Theodore Gabras was a Byzantine military leader and the governor of Trebizond. He is celebrated for his defense of the region against Turkish invasions.

Modern Figures

1. Kostas Karamanlis (b. 1956)

   • Politician: Kostas Karamanlis, whose family originates from Pontus, served as the Prime Minister of Greece from 2004 to 2009. He is a prominent figure in modern Greek politics.

2. Michael Choniates (c. 1140 – c. 1220)

   • Archbishop and Scholar: Michael Choniates was a Byzantine scholar and archbishop of Athens, known for his efforts to preserve Greek classical literature and his literary works.

3. Murat Yakin (b. 1974)

   • Football Manager and Former Player: Murat Yakin is a Swiss football manager of Pontic Greek descent, known for his career in football both as a player and as a manager.

Legacy

The Pontic Greeks have made significant contributions to various fields including philosophy, history, geography, politics, and culture. Their rich history reflects the blend of Greek culture with the local traditions of the Black Sea region. Despite facing persecution and displacement, particularly during the early 20th century, the Pontic Greek diaspora has maintained its unique cultural identity and continues to celebrate its heritage around the world.

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